Modern medicine is more and more inclined to a serious theory of diseases and a confirmation that when living parasites in the human body, we observe a different pattern of development, type of violations. There are more than 300 famous organism, the parasite lifestyle on the surface of the skin and inside the man. All types of parasites have different life cycles, the mechanisms of parasitism, but one thing unites them — parasitic diseases cause huge damage to the person.
The classification of types of parasites in the human body
There is a division between the true and the false parasitism. Cases, when the parasite to the parasites of man does not have, deals damage in case of contact with the body, they are referring to is a fake. An example serve insects and leeches of the nasopharynx or ear of the corridors. Due to the risk of extensive damage, airway obstruction, you want to additional removal of the parasite. The treatment of true parasitism, especially pharmacological, depends on the type of parasite.
Parasites that live on the surface of the body and external bodies
The parasitic organisms on the surface of the skin — lice, ticks, bed bugs, certain types of flies, mosquitoes. They cause damages to the person bitten, are formed in the skin in the beings cologne, causing lesions of the skin. The parasites are a serious threat to the man, who, being carriers of infections and viruses such as encephalitis, malaria, typhoid, plague, anthrax.
Protozoa
This small parasite of the human, consisting of a single cell and parasitic in various organs and tissues, causes severe disease, often chronic. The most famous are an amoeba, giardia, and toxoplasmosis from the earth.... The path of penetration of parasites various, mainly through food and water. Some types cause life-threatening diseases, for example, a certain type of amoeba, that live in the water and causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis.
Helminths
In a group of helminths refer to the types of parasitic worms that live in the internal organs of living organisms. They are quite large, that live in the body parasites can cause a significant defeat tissues and organs, and in the absence of treatment also be the cause of death.
Distinguish the types of parasites in the body:
- Nematodes nematodes are 1-2 mm (trichinella) to a few tens of centimeters (roundworms). Some species, such as hookworms, enter through the skin.
- Flukes, flat worms, the people received the name of "flounder" because of the suction cups on the body. The infection occurs when ingested invasive form of the parasite, evolving in the body of an intermediate host or in the water.
- The larger helminths, cestody, the most famous names — tapeworms, or taenia. There are more than 10-15 m (bullish tapeworm), and the greatest representative, tapeworm wide, it reaches more than 20 m. Intermediate host and source of infection is usually the animals of the farm.
Location, how and where they live pests
There are different forms of localization. The temporary location involves living parasite in the body in the period of development cycle. Fixed the shape, when the parasites in the body reside all of its life cycle, they lay eggs in the human body and does not require for its maturation in an intermediate host. Transit in the form of a location considered to be the period of migration the parasite to the point of habitat.
For diagnosis and treatment, it is important to consider how the form, and view the location. For the position are divided into 2 main groups. The first group of parasites on the skin organisms. Parasites inside a person, which affects the internal organs, the varieties that can live in the bones, tissues and liquids, make up the group of endoparasites, refer to it protozoa and helminths.
The parasites within and on the human skin
The parasites of man divided in 2 types of parasites, tissue parasites and abdominal organs associated with the external environment. There are atypical forms of infection, when the parasites enter the unusual for the type of habitat, which makes it difficult to diagnosis and treatment, especially when the defeat of the brain.
Parasites that live on the surface of the body and external bodies have two main ways of parasitism, temporary, permanent. Parasites do not live on the skin of living beings that feed through bites, it is temporary and dangerous infections. Parasites that live on the skin of a person, to violate the integrity of the epithelium, causing skin diseases.
The most encountered types of
To the municipality of parasites live on the skin in the beings, are a pathogen scabies — sarcoptes scabiei, head lice cause head lice, and the skin mite — pathogen demodicosis. In the spring and autumn period appear Ixodes mites that live in the field and a wooded area. The most simple, the most common types of parasites in humans, such as giardia, toxoplasmosis from the earth..., trichomonas, amoeba, Plasmodium. To the municipality of worms refers to bovine and pork tapeworm, and the most large — a tapeworm. Among the nematodes are often diagnosed with roundworms, ossiuri, trichinella, tricocefalo. By flukes more frequently flounder liver, and giant.
The most common symptoms of infestations
When the eggs of parasites or adult parasites organisms enter the human body, comes the period of incubation, during which parasites the infection can be asymptomatic. Signs of ectoparasites visible once on the skin, appear precipitation reactions, wounds, and itching. To identify endo-parasites the most difficult parasitic diseases often have similar symptoms to other diseases. The initial symptoms are caused by the action of the toxins, often perceived as the result of overwork and ignored.
The signal for diagnosis is the appearance of these symptoms:
- allergic reactions to the waste products of parasites;
- anemia;
- headaches;
- rome sleep disorders;
- dyspepsia;
- frequent nausea, abdominal pain;
- GASTROINTESTINAL disorders;
- increase of the body temperature;
- pain in the liver or increase of the organ;
- frequent unreasonable pains in the joints, muscle;
- any long malaise, and not connected with other diagnosed diseases.
Diagnostics
Identify ectoparasites in skin is possible by visual inspection and microscopic analysis of the tissue. Complicate diagnosis can strong allergic reactions and secondary infections, that seem like diseases of the skin, not having the source parasitic.
Timely find the presence of endo-parasites much more difficult, the list of parasites in the human body exceeds hundreds of species, is unnecessary for the diagnosis, consisting of a few tests and procedures:
- common analysis of blood;
- elisa analysis of the blood;
- search for cala;
- CT and ULTRASOUND, will help you identify the largest species;
- the analysis of the contents of the duodenum;
- the research of secretion 12 duodenal ulcer.
Drugs and the treatment
Treatment of parasitic diseases must necessarily be global, it is assigned by the treating physician on the basis of the laboratory analysis and the individual characteristics of the patient. This is connected with the high toxicity of drugs, the need for regular monitoring of the patient. Self-treatment can have negative consequences, lead to life-threatening complications. If the parasites in humans are not localized typically to evaluate the risks and the methods of treatment without the expert impossible.
Therapeutic activities are divided into three phases. The preparation phase is necessary to remove toxins from the body, relieve acute symptoms and for the protection of the internal organs from the harmful effects of drugs. To this end, prescribed liver protectors, special products for the cleaning of the body, the antibiotics, the diet.
The second phase — the destruction of pests, begin when a patient's condition is stable. Large helminths, as bullish as the tapeworm and large internal parasites, tissue is often removed surgically. For the duration pharmacological of the course deals with the cycle of life of an individual, the degree of losses.
The third phase aims to restore the body and the warning of a new infection. In cases of a mild form of infestation fairly simple treatments. Parasitic diseases of man may require a long-term treatment and recovery, cessation of taking drugs during the treatment tightens the healing process.
Prevention measures
The base is the prevention of personal hygiene, processing of food and the purification of drinking water, the health rules during the cooking of meat and fish. Caution should be exercised when swimming in fresh water, where the parasite has a large number of harmful pests. Protection against ectoparasites is an application of quality repellents, we recommend that you avoid contact with people and objects.
The most dangerous are considered to be parasites present in the tropics and warm countries, planning a trip in these places, it must be carefully take care of protection from insects. All of the parasites living in our body, they represent a threat to the health, and the respect of the prevention measures will prevent serious parasitic infections.